The following are the units that implement the above-mentioned functions:

· Input unit: This unit inputs the data and programs for computer processing. It is equivalent to the human eyes and ears.

· Storage unit: This unit stores the input data and programs. It is equivalent to the memory section of the human brain.

· Arithmetic unit: This unit conducts calculation and decision on the stored data according to the instructions of the program. It is equivalent to the thinking section of the human brain.

· Control unit: This unit controls the input unit, storage unit, arithmetic unit and the output unit. It is equivalent to the human central nervous system.

· Output unit: This unit outputs the results of computer processing in a format that can be understood by humans. It is equivalent to the human hands and mouth.

                  Дээр дурдсан үйлдлүүдийг

-          Компьютер боловсруулах өгөгдөл болон програмуудыг оруулдаг, хүний нүд чихтэй адилхан оролтын төхөөрөмж

-           Өгөгдсөн утга программуудыг хадгалдаг, хүний тархины санах ойн хэсэгтэй адилхан хадгалах төхөөрөмж

-           Оролтын, хадгалах, арифметик болон гаралтын нэгжүүдийг хянадаг, хүний тархины бодох хэсэгтэй адил

-          Компьютераар боловсруулсан үр дүнг хүн ойлгох хэлбэр дээр гаргадаг,  хүний ам, гартай адилхан удирдлагын төхөөрөмжүүд гүйцэтгэдэг

A bridge is a computer networking device that builds the connection with the other bridge networks which use the same protocol. It works at the Data Link layer of the OSI Model and connects the different networks together and develops communication between them.

Bridge протокол ашигладаг бусад сүлжээ бүхий холбоотой комьютерийн сүлжээний төхөөрөмж юм. Энэ нь OSI загвар нь Data Link түвшинд ажилладаг мөн өөр өөр сүлжээг холбодог хоорондын холбоог хөгжүүлдэг.

Answer 25 questions

1.Tell me about yourself ?

My name is Naran-Enkhzul. I have completed Radio Communication Engeering at school of Information Communication Technology . My family members six. It includes father , mother and two youngersister, youngerbrother.My hobbies are coding and my interest is application software field.  

2.What are your strengths?

My strengths is easily adaptivity in any situatiotiond and contributesare significance, good in communication skills , capacity to convince the people , hard working and quick learner.

 3.What are your weaknesses?

My weakness is I try make a complete  and perfect things. I easily trusts people.

4.Why should we hire you?

I m hard worker and really want to work for this company. I’ve what it takes to solve problems and the job. 

5.What did you like least about your last job?

I really enjoyed working for my previous company and appreciated the great people and overall atmosphere . As my time in that position drew to a close , I gave this question lot of thought.

6.Why are you leaving your present job?

I found myself bored with the work and looking for more challenges . I am an excellent employe and I didn’t want my unhappiness to have any inpect on the job I was doing for my employer. 

7.How would you describe your work style? 

My work style is extremely flexible – working on so many different projects requires me to be adaptive. In general, I try to work on one project at a time, working as quickly but efficiently as possible to achieve the highest results. All of my projects require collaboration, so I use the team environment to check for errors. I am a perfectionist and a driven worker, and I think my clear communication skills allow me to bring out the best in any team, in any project.

8. What would be your ideal working environment? 

My ideal job is  friendly  , fast paced available to learning new things , challenging and of course opportunity  for career advancement.

9. What salary are you seeking?

I’d be looking in the range of minimum 400 to maximum 700 roughly figures  . But as I said  , salary is less important to me than finding the right job position . If it is fine with you , I’d rather hold off o giving exact figures until I find out more about the rale.

10. What are you looking for in terms of career development? 

I hope the someday be able to manage my own team and lead project on my own , but my short term  goals are to quickly earn new responsibilities as I use my skills to prove I deserve the challenge. If you I have a specific career gaol  , you can go ahead and name it . If you don’t you can use an answer like the one above . One things to note however is that if your hiring manage is currently in the role that you hope to pursue.

11. What's the most important thing you learned in school? 

The most important thing I learned was to accept and respond to feedback the critique I received from peers and professors greatly  my with . It was  challenging to present my wore to others and hear their opinions about it , I quickly realized that we  their comments were positive or high lighted needed improvement’s the intent was to help me become more capable and effective . 

12. Why did you choose your major?

  I choose my major , I researched my options I looked into the obvious factors , salary , development and demand . Radio communication are becoming increasingly popular and highly needed.

13. Tell me about your proudest achievement ?

My proudest accomplishment would have to be when I helped develop a new technique at my last job. With the help of my supervisor and a couple other coworkers we came up with a new technique.

14. What kind of personality do you work best with and why?

I am comfortable with everyone around me. I customize myself to the people . I talking to I also enjoy interacting with new people . And best I’m also a good listener.

15.How do you want to improve yourself in the next year?

I’m focused on developing my technical skills so I can pursue an interest in programming in the future , particularly  since a lot of the knowledge . I pick up will benefit me professionally as well.

16.What kind of goals would you have in mind if you got this job? 

I worked in it , I found that I needed to concentrate  on my time management skills in order to finish with in the time limit I had set. 

17.What techniques and tools do you use to keep yourself organized?   

I make great use of reminders on mu personal planner.  I will probably enter anywhere from three to five or even as many as ten in a single work day . It keeps my day on schedule and ensures I do not forget any task.

18. Was there a person in your career who really made a difference? 

The person who made the biggest difference in my career was my mother. She to     me to better my self  and showed me the , importance of contineed education even in the workplace . She really helped me set goals and them go through and achieve them . Even in a short time she really made  a difference.

19. Who has impacted you most in your career and how? 

I was fresh out of university , eager to learn . I was lucky my first work was an amazing . There directly fought me about the time I really respected. I learned so much indirectly . There was  the perfect example of how you can effectively run a team . I picked up leadership skills.

20.Have you ever been on a team where someone was not pulling their own weight? How did you handle it? 

When I was in college, we had to write these case analysis reports that showed how we would plan solutions to different production problems. During one assignment, we had a student who simply stopped coming to class. At first, it seemed like that would slow us down, but once we broke down the extra work it actually streamlined our process. It was just a matter of giving the right tasks to the right people, and I was happy to be able to help sort that out.

21.What attracted you to this company? 

The hiring RCE is looking for some one who will fit in at the company and enjoy working there.

22.What was the last project you headed up, and what was its outcome? 

My last project was to pull together a working group to analyze find ways to streamline our supply options at the small Mobicom company I worked at.

23. What are three positive things your last boss would say about you?  

At my last job, I had a strong reputation as the knowledgeable employee. I had the book memorized and people would almost use me as an encyclopedia. I also never had any trouble meeting time restraints. I was never late or missed a deadline. Of course, I think my boss would also bring up that I was great with the customers as well.

24. List five words that describe your character. 

The five words that I feel best describe me are resilient, ambitious, optimistic, determined and humble. I was the first person in my family to go to college, and along with their support, these personality traits really helped me get through school and appreciate the opportunities I’ve been given. I feel that they would help me succeed in this job as well.

25.Why do you want this job?

I want this job because it emphasizes sales and marketing, two of my greatest skill sets. In my previous job, I increased sales by 15% in what was at the time considered a flat industry. I know I could bring my ten years of sales and marketing experience to this company, and help you continue your years of growth.

Speaking: Topic 1-6

           Topic1

I study so hard. Because its necessary for my future. Every day I try to make worth of my life.I learn a lot of things but I try to learn hard for one course. have been learning English since I was a child, but I didn’t learn much.feel depressed because of this.But I read a lot and ask people to improve my English.I accomplish whether it meets my needs.I wake up in the morning to memorize word, sentence and watch foreign movies and listen to music.  Then I go to my class and during my free time I sit in a library.After my school I translate words to improve my English.Because when I translate words there are many unknown words and there are many new words.Some English words has lots of meaning.It depends on the article.When I translate my major course, I focus hard and I save it.

Topic 2

  I want to travel Korea. Korea is suitable place for studying.. When compare to others Korea has  many scholarships. And tuition fee is acceptable.Advantage is we can work and study at the same time.Our major class has Korean program.If someone get the Korean program he/she will graduate with 2 diplomas including Mongolian and Korean.I didn’t study abroad because of my family.But I think I will study in masters degree.Because their education program is very good.And it has good study environment.Communication between teachers and students are amazing. It will be a miracle if I graduate there.

Topic3

1. I’d like to tell you about somebody I met online a couple of weeks ago. This person lives in another country and we met in a WE chat group. We were there to practice speaking English.There were about six of us at the time. There was one person in particular that I thought was very interesting, and she spoke very good English, so I asked to chat with her after the session and that’s when we really chatted a lot and got to know each other a little better. She was from Japan and she was a student, her name was Inga. For me she was very interesting because her life is very different from mine. I have two sisters, but I don’t really spend that much time with them, but this girl was definitely interesting to chat to.She is a student at university, doing a Masters Degree in Business Administration, which is sort of similar to what I would like to do in the future. We first started chatting because we have a common interest – salsa dancing. For me it’s the most natural thing in the world because my mother was a dance teacher so I grew up learning all different types of dance and salsa was always one of my favorites. Inga is taking salsa lessons in her hometown, her teacher is from somewhere in Cuba, I can’t remember the name of the city, but he’s a professional dancer and also gives classes in a dance school. We spent quite some time discussing different steps and techniques- it was fun.

Topic4

There are people who has positive energy that he/she can earn respects from others.When I be with my sister I learn a lot of things.She is an amazing person.When I talk to my sister on the phone even she is not beside I get energy from her when I stressed or depressed. I wanted to be just like my sister maybe because she is the eldest daughter.My sister understands me every time. And she supports my dreams and desires.When my mother not around my sister can be just like my mother. After she graduated she became a teacher.She is very educated because she studied in many countries and graduated. Now she is a teacher with doctor degree.I want to study abroad like my sister.When I think about it my sister is brilliant woman.

Topic 5

My favourite family event is most certainly . Thanksgiving, which is celebrated. Thanksgiving is a wonderful holiday. Actually, everyday should be a day of Thanksgiving. My family loves to celebrate this holiday.It is a yearly tradition for our family to gather at my grandma's house for Thanksgiving. I always look forward to this event. My cousins and other family members that I do not get to see often are there.My grandma and other family members prepare a big meal. Everyone loves my grandma's mashed potatoes. We also have rolls, dressing, cranberry sauce, and yams. Then, for dessert we have fresh pumpkin pie with whipped cream. Before we eat everyone always gathers around the table and someone says the blessing.Thanksgiving is always a good time of fellowship and bonding for my family. We usually watch some of the parade on television or a football game.  You can see why this is a favorite tradition for me and my family. I wish we could do it more often.

Topic 6

We usually do not watch TV programs that we not like and since we have lots of channels to pick from, we change the channel as soon as we find that this is not an interesting program. But sometimes we have to watch the program that other people are watching and we do not have control on the channel changing and thus we often watch programs that we do not like at all, one such program was a talk show that I recently watched. This was a talk show on our national TV channel UBS say the name of a TV channel Funny time and apart from the host, there were two political figures who came from 2 opposite parties. Since this is a famous TV channel, I am sure a good number of people watched it. I watched it at a friend’s house when I was sitting in their drawing room and my friend’s uncle was watching and controlling the TV channels.  The talk show was about a sensitive national issue and the starting was interesting as the host of the program discussed in details about the program and later on asked some interesting questions to the two guests. After 5 minutes or so, I got an impression that the talk show was a scam and with this programme the Government is trying to give some misleading facts to the viewers. The two guests started attacking each other and showed abominable attitude to each other. That was so surprising that respectable people like them can behave so abhorrently. The program went on and I found that I was completely irritated to see such type of behaviours from our national leaders and the feelings that this was a scam gave me nausea.

 Write a Review

An easy to understand Online Writing Guide for beginning writers.  Here you will find a list of various writing models, general tips and hints to help guide you to writing success.

The big idea

Whenever you're asked to decide whether something is good or bad--and then explain why on paper--you're being asked to write a *review* or *evaluation*.  This is a valuable style of writing to learn, because even if you don't wind up writing book reviews for a living, you will still need to make big decisions as an adult about which car or house to buy, or which college to attend.  The kind of thinking you need to use in writing reviews is the kind of thinking you need to make intelligent choices in life.

Before you begin

Step One: Decide What To Look At
The first thing you need to do before you start your review is decide what aspects of the item you are going to evaluate.  What I mean is this: what is it that can be good or bad about something you're going to review?  An example: when you're watching a movie, you can look at the acting, the special effects, the camera work, or the story, among other things.  Those are all items you can examine and decide if they are well or poorly done.  With a book, you can look at the plot, the characters, and the way that the author puts words together.  With a restaurant, you can look at the food, the service, and the setting.  In fact, everything has qualities you can analyze and evaluate; you just need to sit down and figure out what they are.

Step Two: Decide What Makes Things Good or Bad
Before you can decide whether something is good or bad, you have to figure out what you mean by "good" and "bad." Do you like stories that have a lot of action or a lot of character development?  Do you like acting that's realistic or acting that's wild and nutty?  Do you like authors to use a lot of complicated words, or very simple words?  You decide.  Whatever you like, apply those standards to the thing you are reviewing.

How to do it

It is now time to start putting your essay together.  Here's a pretty simple format you can follow:

1.      Open with an introduction paragraph that does the following things: 

o    catches the reader's attention;

o    identifies the thing you'll be reviewing (e.g., the title of the book or movie);

o    identifies the author, star, or director, if appropriate.

2.      Write a full paragraph about each of the aspects you want to examine, making sure each paragraph does these things: 

o    opens with a topic sentence that says what the paragraph is about;

o    has several detail sentences that prove the point you are trying to make;

o    uses quotes or examples from the book or movie, if possible, to help prove your point.

3.      End with a conclusion paragraph that does the following: 

o    *briefly* restates the main ideas of the review;

o    makes a judgment about the book or movie or whatever, saying whether it is good or bad (some reviewers give ratings, like four stars or two thumbs up);

o    recommends that the reader go to the movie or read the book or buy a meal at the restaurant (or not, if it is no good).

An example

Losing Joe's Place
by Gordon Korman
book review by Mr.  Klingensmith

It's not often that one finds a novel as wacky and as full of unexpected surprises as Losing Joe's Place, a book by Gordon Korman.  It is the story of Jason Cardone and his friends Ferguson "The Peach" Peach and Don "Mr.  Wonderful" Champion, and a summer they spend in the big city of Toronto, subletting the totally cool bachelor apartment that belongs to Jason's brother, Joe.  Joe's instructions to the three teenagers boil down to one main thing: DON'T GET EVICTED!  The story shows us just how hard it can be to follow this one simple direction.

One great thing about the book is the way Korman developed the characters.  Each person has a definite personality.  The Peach is an engineering genius who needs to improve everything he sees.  His "better than you are" attitude tends to get on everyone's nerves.  Jason, our hero, seems to be allergic to work, and while his roommates spend the summer slaving away at a variety of jobs, Jason finds ways to avoid job interviews.  At the same time, he becomes a genius in the kitchen, which helps him later on in the story.  Mr.  Plotnick, the boys' landlord and owner of the Olympiad Delicatessen, is one of the greediest and most annoying people you'll ever meet in a book, and the boys spend a lot of their time trying to find ways to get even with him.  Perhaps one of the weirdest characters in the book is Rootbeer Racinette, a huge bearded giant who can chew a hole in an unpoppable truck tire and take a two-by-four in the stomach as hard as you'd care to swing it.  Rootbeer spends the summer with the boys, taking turns getting the boys into and out of trouble (between bouts of Manchurian Bush Meditation and pursuing some of the strangest hobbies in the world).

Another great thing about the book is the plot.  Just as it seems that the boys are going to finally solve their problems and have a great summer, another problem arises that they have to solve, or else they will have to go back home to Owen Sound as the total failures that their parents expect: they run out of money more than once; they fight over the love of a girl they meet in Toronto, and they wind up becoming the secret restaurant kings of the city, all because of a chocolate memory.  Whenever you think that things can't get worse, they can, and the whole book builds toward the finish that you hoped couldn't happen...

Losing Joe's Place is a great book for anyone who likes to see somebody else have a whole lot of funny, funny troubles.  The story is hilarious and keeps you on the edge of your seat, and the characters are strange and interesting enough to make you want to know more about what will happen to them next.  Out of four stars, I would give this book at least three and a half.

Writing a report

What are the differences between essays and reports?

In a report, it is vital that the information is clear and easy to find. For that reason, reports can make use of things not normally found in essays, such as:

·         dot points 

·         headings and subheadings 

·         tables, graphs and diagrams 

In addition, there are other important differences between reports and essays:

Reports	Essays
Reports present facts/information, and the aim is to explain them as clearly as possible	Essays discuss perspectives on an issue, and the aim is usually to construct an argument for a particular point of view
Reports are written for the person or organisation that requested them	Essays are written for a lecturer and other knowledgeable people in the field
Reports will be scanned, so the most important information needs to be easy to find, and summarised where appropriate	Essays will be read carefully from beginning to end
Reports use short, concise paragraphs and dot-points where applicable	Essays link ideas together into a cohesive series of paragraphs, rather than breaking ideas down into easy-to-access pieces
Reports end with a conclusion and recommendations for actions that will address issues raised in the report	Essays end with a conclusion and sometimes predictions or suggestions for further research

1. Letter of Transmittal

This is a formal business letter to the person or organisation that commissioned the report “announcing” the completion and delivery of the report.  It usually includes:

·         A salutation (e.g. Dear Ms Watson) 

·         The purpose of the letter (e.g. here is the marketing report you commissioned) 

·         The main findings of the report 

·         Any important considerations 

·         Acknowledgement of any particular help 

·         Thanks 

For example:

Dear Mr Landry, Enclosed is the report you commissioned on 12 May 2009 on the Tourism Industry on Peacock Island, NSW.  The main findings of the report are: ·         that the growth of the industry has been substantial (35% since 01 January 2009) due to the increased awareness of and interest in the peacock population of the island;  ·         that the peacocks' nesting habits are beginning to be disrupted by tourism;  ·         that tourism on the island needs to be carefully managed so the peacocks are no longer disturbed by the increase in human activity, and  ·         that the government should consider placing some restrictions on tourist numbers and designating appropriate peacock viewing areas.  It should be considered that the Mayor of Peacock Island, Ms Annabelle Devereaux, was unavailable for comment throughout the period in which this report was being researched, so her input should be sought before any further decisions are made. I would like to acknowledge the assistance of the Peacock Island Tourism Board, and particularly its Chief Administrator, Jan Stevenson, in writing this report. Finally, I would like to thank you for the opportunity this report gave me to familiarise myself with the Peacock Island environment and its inhabitants, and to develop my research skills, which will be invaluable for future projects. Regards, Shyla Graham.

2. Title Page

This is the ‘cover’ of the report, which presents the key details in a professional layout.  Include:

·         The name of the report (i.e. the topic of the report) 

·         The organisation that commissioned it 

·         Your name (and student number) 

·         The date 

For example:

3.Table of Contents

The Table of Contents is important for allowing readers to quickly find the information they need. It should:

·         Show each of the numbered points and sub-points 

·         Include page numbers for each 

·         Include a list of figures if necessary 

·         Include a list of appendices 

·         Have a clear and professional layout 

The numbering system used in reports will be unfamiliar to most students, but it follows a fairly simple pattern. Each main section has a number (1, 2, 3, etc.), and each sub-section within those main sections has a sub-number (1.1, 1.2, 1.3....).

See the example below:

1. Introduction...........................................................................................................1 2. Literature Review...................................................................................................3      2.1 Impact of tourism on animal populations in coastal NSW and Victoria.................3      2.2 Tourism management in coastal NSW and Victoria............................................5 3. Tourism analysis...................................................................................................7      3.1 Tourism income analysis 2007.........................................................................7      3.2 Tourism income analysis 2008.........................................................................8      3.3 Tourism income analysis 2009.........................................................................9 4. Changing behaviours of peacock population on Peacock Island................................10      4.1 Peacock Behaviour Report 2007.....................................................................10      4.2 Peacock Behaviour Report 2008.....................................................................11      4.3 Draft Peacock Behaviour Report 2009.............................................................12 5. Predicted long-term outcomes of no or minimal tourism management.......................13 6. Conclusion..........................................................................................................15 7.  Recommendations..............................................................................................16 8.  Bibliography.......................................................................................................17 Appendix 1 - Tourism Growth (2007-2009)..................................................................20 Appendix 2 - Peacock Behaviour Analysis (2007-2009)................................................21

4. Summary, Abstract or Executive Summary

While your lecturers will certainly read your whole report (in order to mark it and give you feedback) in the workplace, reports are received differently.  Some readers will not wish to read the entire report, but only the parts relevant to them, so the summary, abstract, or executive summary presents the entire report in brief - generally on no more than one page.  Include:

·         who requested the report 

·         the purpose 

·         background/context 

·         brief description of methodology 

·         main findings, and 

·         recommendations 

Use paragraphs for an abstract and paragraphs/dot points for an executive summary.

Make sure the layout is methodical, working through each section of the report clearly and in order. 

5. Introduction

The introduction should clearly explain why the report is relevant/important.  To do this, explain:

·         Who commissioned the report and why 

·         The context / problem that triggered the report, giving any necessary background information 

·         The purpose of the report and its scope (i.e. what it does and does not cover) 

·         The types of sources used (i.e. texts, surveys, observation, interviews) 

6. Body

The body of a report will be made up of many different sections, each with its own purpose.  The body is where you will place:

·         The literature review (if applicable) 

·         Research methodology – what you did and why, mentioning any possible problems 

·         Findings – stating the facts clearly, and including labelled graphs and charts where appropriate 

·         Discussion – your interpretation and explanation of the findings 

7. Conclusion

In the conclusion, you should:

·         sum up your main findings and key points of discussion 

·         make sure that you do not bring in any new information 

·         be brief and to the point – you should already have reported on everything in sufficient detail 

8. Recommendations

After ‘reporting’ on the present state of your particular topic, you need to make recommendations about what should now occur in response to your findings. While 'Recommendations' is often a section that stands alone, each recommendation can be sequenced within the body, after each relevant finding and discussion topic. 

Make sure, however, that recommendations evolve logically from issues you identify in your findings, discussion and conclusions. They should be realistic, and achievable. 

While lecturers may recommend a range of structures for the recommendations list, you can use the following sample structure as a guide:

This report makes the following recommendations: ·         that dot points or numbers are used to set out a recommendations list, so each recommendation can be seen easily;  ·         that each recommendation begins with the word 'that', so as to align grammatically with the introductory sentence;  ·         that each recommendation relates to problems or issues identified clearly in the report, and  ·         that the recommendations are possible to achieve.

9. Reference List

Like a Reference List for an essay, a report's Reference List will be an alphabetised list of all the texts cited in the report.  This might include:

·         journal articles 

·         books 

·         other reports 

·         websites 

·         newspaper articles 

·         interviews 

Make sure you use the right referencing style recommended for your unit.

10. Appendices

Appendices are the place to include any data too bulky to place in the body of your report.  You might include:

·         your survey tool (but not all your responses) 

·         raw data 

·         any graphs or tables too large for the body 

Make sure you: 

·         number each appendix clearly (i.e. Appendix 1) 

·         give it a title, so the reader can see what it contains at a glance, and 

·         include it in the table of contents 

In the body of your paper, you can then refer to this bulky data without having it interrupt the flow of the report.  For example:

In order to understand the impact of tourism on the peacock population, a two-year study was conducted from January 2007 to February 2009.  Data was collected from the tourism board that measured tourist numbers and tourist behaviour patterns in and around the peacock habitat (see Appendix 2),  and the peacock population was extensively monitored, with data collected on peacock numbers and behaviours, including feeding, nesting and breeding (see Appendix 3).

Notice that the appendices are attached AFTER the reference list.

Presentation and style are important in reports. First impressions count, so consider these simple tips:

Be professional, not pretty.  Fonts and images should only be experimented with if they help to present information more clearly.  Communication is more important than decoration. Use plenty of white space.  Don't overuse long paragraphs, like those you would see in an essay.  Present information as succinctly as possible. Use spacing, clear headings and a numbering system to ensure the separate parts of your report stand out clearly and are easy to locate Use tables and figures (graphs, illustrations, maps etc) to clarify information - sometimes these are needed to supplement text. Number each page - and make sure the page numbers are correct on the table of contents Use consistent formatting

 What kind of language is used in reports?

Language should be formal language, but simple and clear.  Remember, the main aim of a report is clear communication.

By and large, sentences should be short, relieved when appropriate by some complex sentences.

·         Use sub-headings and dot points when appropriate, but also include paragraphs with topic sentences